There are a wide range of potential dry scalp causes ranging from allergic reactions to medications or foods, too much sun, environmental conditions (wind, humidity) or over washing and too much heat styling. The weather or dry weather has a proven direct impact on your scalp.
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Sebaceous gland secretion: A dry scalp results from the lack of secretion by sebaceous glands. The oil secreted by these glands is necessary to maintain a healthy balance of natural lubrication in both the hair follicles and the scalp. When a large quantity of this natural oil is not present for some reason, hair becomes brittle and the scalp becomes dry and flaky.
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Shampoo: The use of harsh shampoos is one of the most common reasons for the development of a dry scalp. Essentially, the chemicals in the shampoos remove too much of the natural oil from the hair and scalp. The end result is an itchy and flaky scalp as well as hair that lacks any type of luster or natural body.
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Water: Hard water can also cause a dry scalp. Even if the shampoo product is recommended for dry hair and scalps, it will not work effectively if hard water is used to wash and rinse the area. One of the minerals that effect hair dry and dry scalp is Calcium. Calcium is the mineral that determines hardness of water.
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Diet: A unhealthy diet can also play a role in the development of a dry scalp. Like all functions in the body, the sebaceous glands require the right nutrients to perform properly. Without the right nutrients, the glands will not produce the essential oils. The end result is an itchy scalp and dry hair.